多模板指纹的特征拼接

许多自动指纹识别系统在注册阶段对于每个用户存储同一手指的多个模板指纹,在认证阶段将输入的指纹和存储在模板库中的相应手指的多个模板指纹进行比对。提出了将多个模板指纹的特征进行拼接的方法,将多个模板指纹拼接成一个模板指纹。这样,在认证阶段可以减少和输入指纹进行比对的模板个数,加快了比对速度。同时,拼接而成的模板指纹比单个模板指纹的特征丰富,有利于提高识别的正确率。实验测试表明,方法能够提高系统的识别性能。     

需求工程的形式化方法

从需求的概念出发,简单介绍了需求工程的过程模型和需求工程的方法学;根据需求工程的定义以及特点,讨论了在需求工程中引入形式化方法的意义,提出提高需求工程形式化程度的两个主要途径——提高需求建模语言的形式化程度和利用形式化验证技术,并给出选择形式化方法的原则,最后在分析目前技术的优缺点的基础上给出需求建模语言应具备的特征。     

Evergreening and operational risk under price competition

“Evergreening” is a strategy wherein an innovative pharmaceutical firm introduces an upgrade of its current product when the patent on this product expires. The upgrade is introduced with a new patent and is designed to counter competition from generic manufacturers that seek to imitate the firm's existing product. However, this process is fraught with uncertainty because the upgrade is subject to stringent guidelines and faces approval risk. Thus, an incumbent firm has to make an upfront production capacity investment without clarity on whether the upgrade will reach the market. This uncertainty may also affect the capacity investment of a competing manufacturer who introduces a generic version of the incumbent's existing product but whose market demand depends on the success or failure of the upgrade. We analyze a game where capacity investment occurs before uncertainty resolution and firms compete on prices thereafter. Capacity considerations that arise due to demand uncertainty introduce new factors into the evergreening decision. Equilibrium analysis reveals that the upgrade's estimated approval probability needs to exceed a threshold for the incumbent to invest in evergreening. This threshold for evergreening increases as the intensity of competition in the generic market increases. If evergreening is optimal, the incumbent's capacity investment is either decreasing or nonmonotonic with respect to low end market competition depending on whether the level of product improvement in the upgrade is low or high. If the entrant faces a capacity constraint, then the probability threshold for evergreening is higher than the case where the entrant is not capacity constrained. Finally, by incorporating the risk‐return trade‐off that the incumbent faces in terms of the level of product improvement versus the upgrade success probability, we can characterize policy for a regulator. We show that the introduction of capacity considerations may maximize market coverage and/or social surplus at incremental levels of product improvement in the upgrade. This is contrary to the prevalent view of regulators who seek to curtail evergreening involving incremental product improvement. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 63: 71–89, 2016     

雷达检测概率的计算

雷达检测概率是评估雷达系统效能的重要指标,一般分为单脉冲检测概率和多脉冲检测概率.单脉冲检测概率的计算常用方法有两种,对这两种计算方法进行了验证,得出了两种计算方法相一致的结论.多脉冲的计算比较复杂,在原公式推导的基础上改进了多脉冲检测概率的计算模型,解决了原计算公式中脉冲积累数条件较难满足和虚警概率固定的问题.     

任务空间概念模型VV&A研究

任务空间概念模型是现实世界军事知识的第一层抽象,是仿真系统开发的业务基础。所以任务空间概念模型的质量直接影响到仿真系统的质量,任务空间概念模型自身的VV&A是一个非常值得关注的问题。任务空间概念建模本质上看是军事领域的知识表示或者需求描述,定性描述占主要,定量成分非常少。因此,传统的通过分析输出数据的方法不能适应任务空间概念模型的特点。概要介绍了任务空间概念模型建模,并且提出了从专家法、静态校核机制、概念执行机制三个角度来考察模型质量的思路。     

滚动轴承加速寿命试验技术研究

为了有效地获取滚动轴承具有可比性的加速寿命试验数据,利用已有加速寿命试验相关标准,结合实际滚动轴承加速寿命试验设计和实施中积累的经验,深入分析滚动轴承加速寿命试验过程中遇到的各种问题,提出一套完整的滚动轴承加速寿命试验方法。该方法对相关标准没有涉及的试验前检查、试验条件一致性分析和试验数据的处理方法进行了补充并对加速寿命试验进行深入分析,形成完整的滚动轴承加速寿命试验解决方案,可以有效地指导滚动轴承加速寿命试验的设计和实施。     

舰载指控系统软件可靠性模型分析

在对软件可靠性模型领域的众多模型进行全面分析研究的基础上,通过对从事海军指控系统软件研制单位的部分专家的实地调查,运用Ｂａｙｅｓ检验方法对专家信息进行处理,进而提出了适合舰载指挥控制系统的软件可靠性推荐模型．借鉴Ｓｃｈｎｅｉｄｅｗｉｎｄ模型在美国航天飞机飞行控制系统模型评估中的成功应用,把Ｓｃｈｎｅｉ－ｄｅｗｉｎｄ模型参数估计的思想方法运用到我们所选择的舰载指控系统软件可靠性模型中,并给出了用数据分析、判断模型的具体事例．     

Flexible capacity strategy in an asymmetric oligopoly market with competition and demand uncertainty

This article studies flexible capacity strategy (FCS) under oligopoly competition with uncertain demand. Each firm utilizes either the FCS or inflexible capacity strategy (IFCS). Flexible firms can postpone their productions until observing the actual demand, whereas inflexible firms cannot. We formulate a new asymmetrical oligopoly model for the problem, and obtain capacity and production decisions of the firms at Nash equilibrium. It is interesting to verify that cross‐group competition determines the capacity allocation between the two groups of firms, while intergroup competition determines the market share within each group. Moreover, we show that the two strategies coexist among firms only when cost differentiation is medium. Counterintuitively, flexible firms benefit from increasing production cost when the inflexible competition intensity is sufficiently high. This is because of retreat of inflexible firms, flexibility effect, and the corresponding high price. We identify conditions under which FCS is superior than IFCS. We also demonstrate that flexible firms benefit from increasing demand uncertainty. However, when demand variance is not very large, flexible firms may be disadvantaged. We further investigate the effects of cross‐group and intergroup competition on individual performance of the firms. We show that as flexible competition intensity increases, inflexible firms are mainly affected by the cross‐group competition first and then by the intergroup competition, whereas flexible firms are mainly affected by the intergroup competition. Finally, we examine endogenous flexibility and identify its three drivers: cost parameters, cross‐group competition, and intergroup competition. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 64: 117–138, 2017     

静电放电模拟器电流波形校验装置研究

研制了符合国际电工委员会IEC61000－4－2标准的ESD模拟器电流校验系统。该系统能自动采集ESD电流波形,计算上升时间、峰值电流、30ns时电流。60ns时电流等参数。该系统已用于我国静电计量测试站对静电放电电流波形的校验工作。     

使用平均周期进行指纹分类

提出了一种基于指纹平均周期的分类方法,通过计算指纹的平均周期并按照平均周期将数据库中的指纹进行排序,该方法可有效地提高指纹的搜索速度。若将基于指纹周期的分类算法和现有的指纹分类算法结合起来,则可进一步提高指纹搜索效率。